The Marcus Garvey and Universal Negro Improvement Association Papers, Vol. X: Africa for the Africans, 1923–1945 - The Marcus Garvey and Universal Negro Improvement Association Papers

'Africa for the Africans' was the name given to the extraordinary movement led by Jamaican Marcus Mosiah Garvey (1887-1940). This title demonstrates the central role Africans played in the development of the Garvey phenomenon. It provides an account of how Africans transformed Garveyism into an African social movement.